[1]
كَفَرَ الشَّىْءَ , (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c,) aor.,
in the sense first explained below
كَفِرَ , (S, K,
&c.;) [respecting which Fei observes,] ElFárábee, whom J follows, says that it is like
يَضْرِبُ, but in a trustworthy copy of the T it
is written
كَفُرَ , and this is the proper form, because
they say that كَفَرَ النِّعْمَةَ [of which the aor. is
كَفُرَ ]
is borrowed from كَفَرَ الشَّىْءَ in the sense which is
first explained below; (Msb;) and MF says,
that the saying of J, following his maternal
uncle Aboo-Nasr El-Fárábee, that the aor. of
this verb is
كَفِرَ , is doubtless a mistake; but to
this, [says SM,] I reply, that it is correctly
كَفِرَ , as
J and F and other leading lexicologists have said;
though the aor. of the verb of كُفْرٌ as meaning
the contr. of إِيْمَانٌ is
كَفُرَ ; (TA;) [or, if this latter
verb be taken from the former, the aor. of the
former may have been originally
كَفِرَ and
كَفُرَ , and
general usage may have afterwards applied the
aor.
كَفِرَ to one signification, while the aor.
كَفُرَ has
been applied by very few persons to that signification, but by all to the significations thence
derived;] inf. n. كَفْرٌ; (S, Msb;) and ↓ كفّرهُ,
(A, Mgh, K,) inf. n. تَكْفِيرٌ; (TA;) He veiled,
concealed, hid, or covered, the thing: (S, A, *
Mgh, * Msb, K: *) or he covered the thing so as to
destroy it: (Az, TA:) and كَفَرَ عَلَيْهِ, aor. [and
inf. n.] as above, he covered it; covered it over.
(K,) You say كَفَرَ البَذْرَ ٱلْمَبْذُورَ He covered
the sown seed with earth. (TA.) And كَفَرَ
السَّحَابُ السَّمَآءَ The clouds covered the sky. (A.)
Lebeed says,
فِى لَيْلَةٍ كَفَرَ النُّجُومَ غَمَامُهَا
In a night whereof the clouds that covered the
sky concealed the stars. (Msb.) You say also
كَفَرَهُ اللَّيْلُ, and كَفَرَ عَلَيْهِ, The night covered it
with its blackness. (TA.) And كَفَرَتِ الرِّيحُ
الرَّسْمَ The wind covered the trace or mark [with
dust.] (A.) And كَفَرَ فَوْقَ دِرْعِهِ He clad himself with a garment over his coat of mail. And
كَفَّرَ ↓ دِرْعَهُ بِثَوْبٍ He covered his coat of mail
with a garment. (TA.) And كَفَرَ مَتَاعَهُ He
put his goods in a receptacle. (TA.) And
كَفَرَ ٱلْمَتَاعَ فِى الوِعَآءِ He covered, or concealed,
the goods in the receptacle. (A.) And ↓ كَفَّرَ
نَفْسَهُ بِالسِّلَاحِ He covered himself with the arms.
(A.) And كَفَرَ الجَهْلُ عَلَى عِلْمِ فُلَانٍ Ignorance
covered over the knowledge of such a one. (TA.)
وَكَيْفَ تَكْفُرُونَ, [thus, with damm as the vowel
of the aor.,] in the Kur, iii. 96, has been explained as signifying And wherefore do ye cover
the familiarity and love in which ye were living?
(TA.) ―
2-b2- Hence, (Msb, TA,) كَفَرَ, (S,) and
كَفَرَ النِّعْمَةَ, and بِالنِّعْمَةِ; (Msb;) and كَفَرَ
نِعْمَةَ ٱللّٰهِ, and بِنِعْمَةِ ٱللّٰهِ; (K;) aor.
كَفُرَ , (TA,)
inf. n. كُفْرَانٌ. (S, K,) which is the most common
form in this case, (El-Basáïr,) and كُفُورٌ, (S,
K,) and كُفْرٌ; (El-Basáïr;) He covered, or
concealed, (Msb,) and denied, or disacknowledged,
the favour or benefit [conferred upon him]; (S,
Msb;) he was ungrateful, or unthankful, or
behaved ungratefully or unthankfully; contr. of
شَكَرَ; (S;) and he denied, or disacknowledged,
and concealed, or covered, the favour or benefit of
God: (K:) God's favours or benefits are the
signs which show to those who have discrimination that their Creator is one, without partner,
and that He has sent apostles with miraculous
signs and revealed scriptures and manifest
proofs. (Az, TA.) وَلَا نَكْفُرُكَ, in the prayer
[termed القُنُوتُ], means وَلَا نَكْفُرُ نِعْمَتَكَ [And we
will not deny, or disacknowledge, thy favour; or
we will not be ungrateful, or unthankful, for it].
(Msb.) [The verb when used in this sense,
seems, from what has been said above, to be a
حَقِيقَة عُرْفِيَّة, or word so much used in a particular tropical sense as to be, in that sense,
conventionally regarded as proper.] ―
2-b3- And
hence, كَفَرَ, inf. n. كُفْرَانٌ, is used to signify
[absolutely] He denied, or disacknowledged. (TA.)
[See the act. part. n., below: and see 3. See
also art. ف, p. 2322 a.] You say كَفَرَ بِالصَّانِعِ
He denied the Creator. (Msb.) ―
2-b4- Hence also,
(TA.) كَفَرَ, (S, Msb,) aor.
كَفُرَ , (Msb, TA,) inf. n.
كُفُرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) which is the most common
form in this case, (El-Basáïr,) and كَفْرٌ (K)
and كُفْرَانٌ (Msb, K) and كُفُورٌ, (K,) He disbelieved; he became an unbeliever, or infidel;
contr. of آمَنَ, inf. n. إِيْمَانٌ. (S, K.) You say
كَفَرَ بِٱللّٰهِ (S, Msb) He disbelieved in God: (S:)
because he who does so conceals, or covers, the
truth, and the favours of the liberal Dispenser of
favours [who is God]. (MF.) [Also, as shown
above, He denied God.] It is related in a
trad. of 'Abd-El-Melik, that he wrote to El-
Hajjáj, مَنْ أَقَرَّ بِالكُفْرِ فَخَلِّ سَبِيلَهُ, meaning,
Whosoever confesses the unbelief of him who
opposes the Benoo-Marwán, and goes forth
against them, let him go his way. (TA.) See
also كُفْرٌ, below. ―
2-b5- [He blasphemed: a signification very common in the present day.] ―
2-b6-
Also, كَفَرَ بِكَذَا He declared himself to be clear,
or quit, of such a thing. (Msb.) In this sense
it is used in the Kur xiv. 27. (Msb, TA.) ―
2-b7-
And كَفَرَ also signifies He was remiss, or fell
short of his duty, with respect to the law, and
neglected the gratitude or thankfulness to God
which was incumbent on him. So in the Kur
xxx. 43; as is shown by its being opposed to
عَمِلَ صَالِحًا. (TA.) ＝
1-A2- كَفَرَ لَهُ, inf. n. كَفْرٌ:
see 2.