ROOT س ر ر

43 verses • 23 derived words

📖 Lane's Lexicon

Classical definitions for root سرر

[1] سَرَّهُ , accord. to the TA, has two contr. significations: for it is there stated that “ one says سَرَرْتُهُ meaning كَتَمْتُهُ and سَرَرْتُهُ meaning أَعْلَنْتُهُ: ” and it is added that “ it will occur again soon: ” but it does not again occur in that work, nor have I found it in any other lexicon: I therefore think that it is a mistranscription, for أَسْرَرْتُهُ, first pers. of أَسَرَّهُ, q. v.] ＝ 1-A2- سَرَّهُ, (S, O, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. سَرُ3َ , (MS,) inf. n. مَسَرَّةٌ (S, O, K) and سُرُورٌ [which latter, from the explanations of it which will be found below, seems to be generally, if not only, as an inf. n., that of سُرَّ,] and سُرٌّ [which is also syn. with سُرُورٌ in the senses assigned to the latter below] and سُرَّى and تَسِرَّةٌ [which last may be also an inf. n. of ↓ سرّرهُ expl. by Freytag as syn. with سَرَّهُ in the sense here following, but without an indication of any authority], (O, K,) He, or it, rejoiced him; gladdened him; or made him happy; syn. أَفْرَحَهُ: (Msb, K:) [or made him to experience a pleasure, or delight, and dilatation of the heart, of which there was no external sign: see سُرُورٌ, below.] And سُرَّ, [inf. n. سُرُورٌ, (see above,)] He rejoiced; was joyful, or glad; or was happy: (S, * A, * K:) [or he experienced a pleasure, or delight, and dilatation of the heart, of which there was no external sign; accord. to an explanation of سُرُورٌ:] you say, سُرَّ بِهِ and ↓ اِسْتَسَرَّ [He rejoiced, was joyful or glad, or was happy, by reason of him, or it]. (A.) ― 2-b2- سَرَّهُ, (K,) aor. as above, (TA,) also signifies He saluted him with [the offering of what are termed] المَسَرَّة, i. e. the extremities of sweet-smelling plants. (K.) ＝ 1-A3- Also سَرَّهُ, (S, M,) aor. as above, inf. n. سَرٌّ, (S,) or سِرٌّ, (so in a copy of the M,) He cut his (a child's) سِرَر, or سُرّ, i. e. navel-string. (S, M.) And سُرَّ He (a child) had his navel-string cut. (K.) ― 2-b2- And سَرَّهُ, aor. as above, He pierced him, or thrust him, [with a spear or the like,] in his سُرَّة [or navel]: a poet says, وَإِنْ أَدْبَرُوا فَهُمُ مَنْ يُسَبْ نَسُرُّهُمُ إِنْ هُمُ أَقْبَلُوا [We pierce them in the navel if they advance; and if they retreat, they are those who are pierced in the podex; يُسَبْ being for يُسَبُّ]. (S.) ＝ 1-A4- سَرَّ الزَّنْدَ, aor. as above, inf. n. سَرٌّ, He put a piece of wood, (M, K,) or a little piece of wood, (S,) in the interior of the زند [or piece of stick, or wood, for producing fire], (M,) or in its extremity, (S, K,) inserting it in its interior, (S,) in order that he might produce fire with it. (S, M, K.) One says, سُرَّ زَنْدَكَ فَإِنَّهُ أَسَرُّ Fill up the interior of thy زند, that it may produce fire, (AHn, M,) for it is [worn] hollow. (S, K.) ＝ 1-A5- سَرَّ, [sec. pers. سَرِرْتَ,] aor. يَسَرُّ, (IAar, Sgh, L, K,) inf. n. سَرَرٌ, remarked upon by MF as extr., [though it is agreeable with a general rule,] said of a man, (TA,) He had a complaint of the سُرَّة [or navel]. (IAar, Sgh, L, K.) ― 2-b2- Also, aor. and inf. n. as in the next preceding case, said of a camel, He had the pain, or disorder, termed سَرَرٌ [q. v.]. (IAar, M.)

Morphology Tree

Lemmas and their derived stems found in the Quran.

اَسَرَّ

Lemma

اِسۡرَار

Lemma

اِسۡرَار 2

اِسۡرَارًا 1

اِسۡرَارَ 1

تَسُرُّ

Lemma

تَسُرُّ 1

سِرّ

Lemma

سَّرَّآء

Lemma

سَّرَّآءُ 1

سُرُر

Lemma

مَسۡرُوۡر

Lemma

مَسۡرُوۡرًا 1

Other / General

Occurrences in Quran

Found 43 verses containing words derived from "s r r".

2:70

قَالُوا ادۡعُ لَنَا رَبَّکَ یُبَیِّنۡ لَّنَا مَا لَوۡنُہَا ۚ قَالَ اِنَّہٗ یَقُوۡلُ اِنَّہَا بَقَرَۃٌ صَفۡرَآءُ فَاقِعٌ لَّوۡنُہَا تَسُرُّ النّٰظِرِیۡنَ

English - Hazrat Molavi Sher Ali ^ra

They said: ‘Pray for us to thy Lord that He make plain to us what colour she is.’ He answered: ‘God says, it is a cow of a dun colour, pure and rich in tone; delighting the beholders.’

2:78

اَوَلَا یَعۡلَمُوۡنَ اَنَّ اللّٰہَ یَعۡلَمُ مَا یُسِرُّوۡنَ وَمَا یُعۡلِنُوۡنَ

English - Hazrat Molavi Sher Ali ^ra

Do they not know that Allah knows what they conceal and what they disclose?

2:236

وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَیۡکُمۡ فِیۡمَا عَرَّضۡتُمۡ بِہٖ مِنۡ خِطۡبَۃِ النِّسَآءِ اَوۡ اَکۡنَنۡتُمۡ فِیۡۤ اَنۡفُسِکُمۡ ۚ عَلِمَ اللّٰہُ اَنَّکُمۡ سَتَذۡکُرُوۡنَہُنَّ وَلٰکِنۡ لَّا تُوَاعِدُوۡہُنَّ سِرًّا اِلَّاۤ اَنۡ تَقُوۡلُوۡا قَوۡلًا مَّعۡرُوۡفًا ۚ وَلَا تَعۡزِمُوۡا عُقۡدَۃَ النِّکَاحِ حَتّٰی یَبۡلُغَ الۡکِتٰبُ اَجَلَہٗ ۚ وَاعۡلَمُوۡۤا اَنَّ اللّٰہَ یَعۡلَمُ مَا فِیۡۤ اَنۡفُسِکُمۡ فَاحۡذَرُوۡہُ ۚ وَاعۡلَمُوۡۤا اَنَّ اللّٰہَ غَفُوۡرٌ حَلِیۡمٌ

English - Hazrat Molavi Sher Ali ^ra

And there shall be no blame on you in throwing out a hint regarding a proposal of marriage to these women or in keeping the desire hidden in your minds. Allah knows that you will think of them in this connection. But make not a contract with them in secret, except that you say a fair word. And resolve not on the marriage tie until the prescribed period reaches its end. And know that Allah knows what is in your minds; so beware of it. And know that Allah is Most Forgiving, Forbearing.

English - Five Volume Translation

Important Words:

عرضتم (you throw out a hint) is derived from عرض meaning, he offered and presented a thing. عرض (‘arrada) means, he used an expression susceptible of different meanings; or he mentioned a thing not clearly but in a veiled manner; or he used words to convey a sense which the words used did not definitely convey (Lane).

خطبة (proposal of marriage) is derived from خطب meaning, he addressed a meeting; he delivered a sermon. خطب المرأة means, he proposed marriage to her. خطبة (khutbah) means, a sermon. خطبة (khitbah) means, a proposal of marriage (Aqrab).

اکننتم (you keep hidden) is derived fromکن . They say کن الشیء or اکن الشیء meaning, he concealed the thing; he covered it. کنان means, a veil or covering, and مکنون means, covered or hidden (Aqrab).

عقدة (tie) is the infinitive-noun from عقد meaning, he tied; he made a thing firm and fast. عقد الحبل means, he tied the rope; he tied it in knots. عقدة means, a tie; a contract that ties up or binds two parties; a marriage contract (Aqrab).

Commentary:

According to this verse, it is forbidden to a man to make an open proposal of marriage to a widow within her عدة or the prescribed period of waiting. He who intends to marry a widow must keep his intention concealed from her. He may drop a hint indirectly suggestive of his intention. But he must on no account make an open suggestion or a formal proposal or even a secret proposal concerning marriage. A widow, too, is prohibited from giving her consent to such a proposal within the prescribed period. She must patiently wait for four months and ten days out of deference to the memory of her departed spouse and in order that her possible pregnancy may become apparent, because a pregnant woman is not allowed to marry until she is delivered of the child.

The words, beware of it, are meant to caution men to be on their guard against disobeying these commandments which are meant for their own good. If God had not laid them down, all social order would have gone to pieces.

The divine attributes, "Forgiving" and "Forbearing", have been mentioned at the end of this verse not to hint that breach of these injunctions would find God Forgiving and Forbearing but that the exigencies of the circumstances required stricter laws in this matter, but as God knows human weaknesses, He has been lenient in this respect. So whatever commandment has now been given, must be faithfully followed and all lapse be honestly guarded against.

English - Five Volume Commentary ^*

242

Important Words:

Commentary:

2:275

اَلَّذِیۡنَ یُنۡفِقُوۡنَ اَمۡوٰلَہُمۡ بِالَّیۡلِ وَالنَّہَارِ سِرًّا وَّعَلَانِیَۃً فَلَہُمۡ اَجۡرُہُمۡ عِنۡدَ رَبِّہِمۡ وَلَا خَوۡفٌ عَلَیۡہِمۡ وَلَا ہُمۡ یَحۡزَنُوۡنَ

English - Hazrat Molavi Sher Ali ^ra

Those who spend their wealth by night and day, secretly and openly, have their reward with their Lord; on them shall come no fear, nor shall they grieve.

English - Five Volume Translation

[a]Those who spend their wealth by night and day, secretly and openly, have their reward with their Lord; on them shall come no fear, nor shall they grieve.[281]

13:23; 14:32; 16:76; 35:30.

Important Words:

عند (with) signifies, with, besides, at, near, by, or in the presence of, etc. It also implies possession, as one says عنده خیروفضلi.e. he possesses goodness and excellence. ملوك الارض عند الله تراب means, the kings of the earth are like dust compared with God. عند also signifies, in one’s mind, or in one’s opinion or estimation (Aqrab & Lane).

Commentary:

Islamic commandments have been so made as to meet the exigencies of all times and all seasons. For instance, lunar months which rotate all through the year, have been appointed for the observance of fasts and the performance of Pilgrimage, so that Muslims may keep fasts and perform Pilgrimage both in summer and winter, spring and autumn. Similarly, the five daily Prayers and the two supererogatory Prayers––تھجد (tahajjud) and ضحی (duha), which are said respectively in the latter part of the night and in the forenoon, are so timed that a Muslim practically performs Prayers at all hours of the day and night. Similarly, charity is to be performed during both day and night, so that this righteous act of man may cover every hour of his life.

Observe also the beautiful order of the words. The word "secretly" corresponds to night, and the word "openly" to day. Thus a Muslim has to expend his wealth in the cause of Allah not only in such a way and at such a time that others may be induced to follow his good example by noticing his charity, but also at such time and in such a way that even the recipient of his charity may not know the donor.

It may be noted here that alms are of two kinds: (1) obligatory زکوة (Zakah), and (2) supererogatory صدقه (Sadaqah). Zakah is collected by the state from every man of a prescribed measure of wealth and is then spent by the state on helping the poor and needy, orphans, widows and wayfarers, etc. In this case, the recipients do not know any particular donor and thus preserve their sense of self-respect. But as Zakah is collected by the state, people are apt to look upon it as a tax and not as charity. So Islam has instituted Sadaqah also which is voluntary and is given to individuals out of a desire to help the poor and needy. Thus Sadaqah engenders feelings of sympathy among the well-to-do towards their brethren and feelings of gratefulness among the poor for their benefactors. It also serves to distinguish sincere believers from the insincere.

English - Five Volume Commentary ^*

Cross Refs:

13:23; 14:32; 16:76; 35:30.

281

Important Words:

Commentary:

3:135

اَلَّذِیۡنَ یُنۡفِقُوۡنَ فِی السَّرَّآءِ وَالضَّرَّآءِ وَالۡکٰظِمِیۡنَ الۡغَیۡظَ وَالۡعَافِیۡنَ عَنِ النَّاسِ ۗ وَاللّٰہُ یُحِبُّ الۡمُحۡسِنِیۡنَ

English - Hazrat Molavi Sher Ali ^ra

Those who spend in prosperity and adversity, and those who suppress anger and pardon men; and Allah loves those who do good;

5:53

فَتَرَی الَّذِیۡنَ فِیۡ قُلُوۡبِہِمۡ مَّرَضٌ یُّسٰرِعُوۡنَ فِیۡہِمۡ یَقُوۡلُوۡنَ نَخۡشٰۤی اَنۡ تُصِیۡبَنَا دَآئِرَۃٌ ۚ فَعَسَی اللّٰہُ اَنۡ یَّاۡتِیَ بِالۡفَتۡحِ اَوۡ اَمۡرٍ مِّنۡ عِنۡدِہٖ فَیُصۡبِحُوۡا عَلٰی مَاۤ اَسَرُّوۡا فِیۡۤ اَنۡفُسِہِمۡ نٰدِمِیۡنَ

English - Hazrat Molavi Sher Ali ^ra

And thou wilt see those in whose hearts is a disease, hastening towards them, saying, ‘We fear lest a misfortune befall us.’ Maybe, Allah will bring about victory or some other event from Himself. Then will they become regretful of what they concealed in their minds.

English - Five Volume Translation

And thou wilt see those in whose hearts is a disease, hastening towards them, saying, ‘We fear lest a misfortune befall us.’ Maybe, [a]Allah will bring about victory or some other event from Himself. Then will they become regretful of what they concealed in their minds.[684]

32:30, 31.

Important Words:

دائرة (misfortune) is derived from دار meaning, he or it went or moved round; or he or it circled or revolved or returned to the place from which he or it began to move. داربالبیت means, he went round about the house; or he surrounded or encompassed it. They say دارت الایام meaning, the days came round in their turn, i.e. repeated themselves. The expression دارت به دوائرالزمان means, the revolutions of fortune or time made him turn around from one state or condition to another. They say: دارت علیھم الدوائر meaning, calamities befell them. دائرة therefore, means: (1) the circuit, ambit or circumference of a thing; (2) a ring, a circle; (3) a turn of fortune, especially an evil accident; a misfortune; a calamity; defeat or rout; slaughter or death (Lane & Aqrab).

Commentary:

The verb سارع (he hastened) from which یسارعون (hastening) has been formed is generally followed by the preposition الی;but according to Arabic usage sometimes a verb takes after it a preposition which properly belongs to another verb mentioned or understood before it, thus retaining not only its own sense but also acquiring that of the verb whose preposition it takes. In the present verse the verb یسارعون (hastening) has been followed not by the preposition الی meaning, to or toward, but by the preposition فی which means in, among or into, thus adding to its own sense the further significance of the verb یدخلون (they enter). Hence the expression یسارعون فیھم (hastening towards them) would really mean "hastening towards them, they enter among them".

The word "victory" mentioned in the verse may either refer to the Fall of Mecca or to victory in general. The word امر (event) coming after victory evidently refers to something greater than victory. Obviously, it refers to the entry into Islam of the whole Arabian peninsula and the establishment of the power of Islam in it.

English - Five Volume Commentary ^*

Cross Refs:

32:30, 31.

684

Important Words:

Commentary:

6:4

وَہُوَ اللّٰہُ فِی السَّمٰوٰتِ وَفِی الۡاَرۡضِ ۖ یَعۡلَمُ سِرَّکُمۡ وَجَہۡرَکُمۡ وَیَعۡلَمُ مَا تَکۡسِبُوۡنَ

English - Hazrat Molavi Sher Ali ^ra

And He is Allah, the God, both in the heavens and in the earth. He knows your inside and your outside. And He knows what you earn.

7:96

ثُمَّ بَدَّلۡنَا مَکَانَ السَّیِّئَۃِ الۡحَسَنَۃَ حَتّٰی عَفَوۡا وَّقَالُوۡا قَدۡ مَسَّ اٰبَآءَنَا الضَّرَّآءُ وَالسَّرَّآءُ فَاَخَذۡنٰہُمۡ بَغۡتَۃً وَّہُمۡ لَا یَشۡعُرُوۡنَ

English - Hazrat Molavi Sher Ali ^ra

Then We changed their evil condition into good until they grew in affluence and number and said, ‘Suffering and happiness betided our fathers also.’ Then We seized them suddenly, while they perceived not.

9:78

اَلَمۡ یَعۡلَمُوۡۤا اَنَّ اللّٰہَ یَعۡلَمُ سِرَّہُمۡ وَنَجۡوٰٮہُمۡ وَاَنَّ اللّٰہَ عَلّٰمُ الۡغُیُوۡبِ

English - Hazrat Molavi Sher Ali ^ra

Know they not that Allah knows their secrets as well as their private counsels and that Allah is the Best Knower of all unseen things?

10:55

وَلَوۡ اَنَّ لِکُلِّ نَفۡسٍ ظَلَمَتۡ مَا فِی الۡاَرۡضِ لَافۡتَدَتۡ بِہٖ ۗ وَاَسَرُّوا النَّدَامَۃَ لَمَّا رَاَوُا الۡعَذَابَ ۖ وَقُضِیَ بَیۡنَہُمۡ بِالۡقِسۡطِ ۚ وَہُمۡ لَا یُظۡلَمُوۡنَ

English - Hazrat Molavi Sher Ali ^ra

And if every soul that does wrong possessed all that is in the earth, it would surely offer to ransom itself therewith. And they will conceal their remorse when they see the punishment. And judgment shall be passed between them with equity, and they shall not be wronged.

English - Five Volume Translation

And [b]if every soul that does wrong possessed all that is in the earth, it would surely offer to ransom itself therewith. [c]And they will conceal their remorse when they see the punishment. And judgement shall be passed between them with equity, and they shall not be wronged.[1330]

39:48.

34:34.

Important Words:

اسروا (they will conceal). اسرہ gives two contrary meanings: (1) he concealed it; (2) he manifested or revealed it, or he made it known (Lane).

Commentary:

Man is so made by nature that punishment has two different effects on him. It increases the obstinacy and refractoriness of some, while it renders others humble and docile. But the punishment inflicted by God is never such as to produce doubtful results. Its effect is straight and certain. It breaks the pride of the arrogant. The reason of the difference between the punishment inflicted by God and that inflicted by man is that the latter affects only the body, man having no power to inspire the heart with awe, while the former affects both the body and the heart. The verse purports to say that when God’s punishment overtakes men, it strikes awe into their hearts and they become prepared to save themselves by making every sacrifice in their power, and, as it always descends on the right person and on the right occasion, men realize its justice and therefore become repentant and begin to bring about a real change in their lives.

The verse may have another meaning also. God’s punishment descends only on those who oppose His teachings. Such people have no high ideals. They are mean and niggardly and it is only their base desires that prompt them to oppose the truth. Thus the verse purports to say that those on whom God’s punishment descends are incapable of manifesting any magnanimity of heart, and in time of trouble seek to save their skins by sacrificing anything, even their personal or national honour, which men of high ideals always try to save even at the cost of their lives. This, the verse hints, is evidence of their being in error; for if they had been in the right, they would not have stooped to such meanness. See Important Words.

The words اسروا الندامة (they will conceal their remorse) may also be rendered as, "they will manifest or express their remorse."

English - Five Volume Commentary ^*

Cross Refs:

39:48.

34:34.

1330

Important Words:

اسروا (they will conceal). اسرہ gives two contrary meanings: (1) he concealed it; (2) he manifested or revealed it, or he made it known (Lane).

Commentary:

The words اسروا الندامة (they will conceal their remorse) may also be rendered as, "they will manifest or express their remorse."

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ROOT س ر ر

📖 Lane's Lexicon

Morphology Tree

اَسَرَّ

اِسۡرَار

تَسُرُّ

سِرّ

سَّرَّآء

سُرُر

مَسۡرُوۡر

Other / General

Occurrences in Quran

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