[1]
أَثِمَ , (Lth, S, M, &c.,) aor.
يَأْثَمُ , (Lth, M, Msb,
K,) inf. n.
إِثْمٌ, (S, K,) or
أَثَمٌ, the former being a
simple subst., (Msb,) and
مَأْثَمٌ, (S, K,)
He fell
into what is termed إِثْمٌ [i. e.
a sin, or
crime, &c.];
(Lth, T, S, M, Msb, * K *;) [
he sinned; committed
a sin, or
crime;]
he did what was unlawful:
(M, * K:) and ↓
تَأْثِيمٌ signifies the same as
إِثْمٌ:
(K:) it may be either an inf. n. of ↓
أَثَّمَ, which
[says ISd] I have not heard, or, as Sb holds it to
be, a simple subst. like
تَنْبِيتٌ: (M:) and is said
to be used in the sense of
إِثْم in the Kur lii. 23
[and lvi. 24 {25}]. (TA.) [It should be added also,
that ↓
تأْثَامٌ, like
تَكْذَابٌ, is syn. with
تأْثِيمٌ and
إِثْمٌ; and, like
تأثيم, may be an inf. n. of ↓
أَثَّمَ, or
a simple subst.: see an ex. voce
بَرُوقٌ.] In the
dial. of some of the Arabs, the first letter of the
aor. is with kesr, as in
تِعْلَمُ and
نِعْلَمُ; and as the
hemzeh in
إِثْمٌ is with kesr, the radical hemzeh [in
the aor.] is changed into
ى; so that they say
إِيثَمُ and
تِيثَمُ [for
آثَمُ and
تَأْثَمُ.] (TA.) In the saying,
لَوْ قُلْتَ مَا فِى قَوْمِهَا لَمْ تِيثَمِ
يَفْضُلَهَا فِى حَسَبٍ وَمِيسَمِ
the meaning is, [
Shouldst thou say, thou wouldst
not sin, or
do wrong, in so saying,]
There is not,
among her people, any one
who excels her [
in
grounds of pretension to respect, and in impress, or
character, of beauty]. (M.)
1-A2-
أَثَمَهُ ٱللّٰهُ فِى كَذَا,
aor.
يَأْثُمُ (S, K) and
يَأْثِمُ , (S,) or
يَأْثَمُ , (K,) but there
is no other authority than the K for this last, nor
is there any reason for it, as the medial radical
letter is not faucial, nor is the final, and in the
Iktitáf el-Azáhir the aor. is said to be
يَأْثِمُ and
يَأْثُمُ ,
(MF, TA,) [
God reckoned him to have sinned,
or
committed a crime or
the like, in such a thing;
or]
God reckoned such a thing against him as an
إِثْم: (S, K:) or
أَثَمَهُ, aor.
يَأْثِمُ (Fr, T, M, Msb)
and
يَأْثُمُ , (Msb,) inf. n.
أَثْمٌ (Fr, T, Msb) and
أَثَامٌ
(Fr, T, TA) and
إِثَامٌ, (Fr, TA,)
He (God)
requited him, (Fr, T,) or
punished him, (M,)
for
what is termed إِثْمٌ [i. e.
sin, or
crime, &c.]: (Fr,
T, M:) [see also
أَثَامٌ below:] or
he (a man)
pronounced him to be آثم [i. e.
a sinner, or
the
like]: (Msb:) [or] ↓
آثَمَهُ, aor.
يَؤْثِمُهُ, has this last
signification, said of God; and also signifies
He found him to be so. (T.) ―
2-b2- You say also,
أَثَمَتِ النَّاقَةُ المَشْىَ, aor.
يَأْثِمُ , inf. n.
أَثْمٌ,
The she-camel was slow. (M.)