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حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا بَلَغَ مَغْرِبَ ٱلشَّمْسِ وَجَدَهَا تَغْرُبُ فِى عَيْنٍ حَمِئَةٍ وَوَجَدَ عِندَهَا قَوْمًا ۗ قُلْنَا يَٰذَا ٱلْقَرْنَيْنِ إِمَّآ أَن تُعَذِّبَ وَإِمَّآ أَن تَتَّخِذَ فِيهِمْ حُسْنًا
“日落之处” 这些字意指塞鲁士的帝国最西端的那些部分, 或者小亚细亚的西北边界, 指的是黑海, 因为黑海形成他帝国的西北边界。这节经文述及塞鲁士征服他西方敌人的远征 (《大英百科全書》和 «历史学家的世界历史» “Cyrus” 项下)。
اس سے مراد بحیرہ اسود کا علاقہ ہے جہاں ذوالقرنین گیا تھا۔ اور جہاں پانی سیاہ ہونے کی وجہ سے گدلا نظر آتا ہے اس کو بحیرہ اسود کہتے ہیں۔
اس جگہ جو قومیں آباد تھیں۔ انہوں نے مید اور فارس کی کامیابی کے بعد دوسری قوموں سے مل کر خورس یعنی ذوالقرنین پر حملہ کر دیا جس کے نتیجہ میں خورس نے بھی ان پر چڑھائی کی اور ان کو محکوم بنا لیا۔
The words, the setting-place of the sun, signify the westernmost parts of Cyrus’s Empire or the north-western boundary of Asia Minor and refer to the Black Sea, because it formed the north-western boundary of his Empire. The verse refers to the expedition which Cyrus undertook against his enemies in the West (Enc. Brit. & Historians’ History of the World, under "Cyrus").
Important Words:
عین حمئة (pool of murky water) حمئة is derived from حما. They say حما البئر i.e. he cleansed the well of its black, fetid mud. حمئت البئر means, the well had in it black mud in abundance. حمئی العین means, a man of evil eye who injures with his eye him whom he sees and admires. The words عین حمئة mean, a well or a spring or pool foul with black, fetid mud (Lane). See also 15:29.
Commentary:
The words مغرب الشمس i.e. the place where the sun set; signify the westernmost parts of Cyrus’ Empire or the north-western boundary of Asia Minor and refer to the Black Sea because it formed the north-western boundary of the Empire of Cyrus. The verse refers to the expedition which Cyrus undertook against his enemies in the west. "Soon after the conquest of the Median empire Cyrus was attacked by a coalition of the other powers of the East-Babylon, Egypt and Lydia, joined by Sparta, the greatest military power of Greece. In the spring of 546 Croesus of Lydia began the attack and advanced into Cappadocia, while the other powers were still gathering their troops. But Cyrus anticipated them; he defeated Croesus and followed him to his capital. In the autumn of 546 Sardis was taken and the Lydian kingdom became a province of the Persians… During the next few years the Persian army suppressed a rebellion of the Lydian. The King of Cilicia voluntarily acknowledged the Persian supremacy "(Enc. Brit., & Historians’ History of the World, under Cyrus).
The words, "he found it (the sun) setting in a spring of murky water," signify that it is not a small pool to which they refer. The waters referred to are so extensive that if one were to take his stand on the shore at the time of sunset, the sun would appear to be setting in the sea.
776
“日落之处” 这些字意指塞鲁士的帝国最西端的那些部分, 或者小亚细亚的西北边界, 指的是黑海, 因为黑海形成他帝国的西北边界。这节经文述及塞鲁士征服他西方敌人的远征 (《大英百科全書》和 «历史学家的世界历史» “Cyrus” 项下)。
2
اس سے مراد بحیرہ اسود کا علاقہ ہے جہاں ذوالقرنین گیا تھا۔ اور جہاں پانی سیاہ ہونے کی وجہ سے گدلا نظر آتا ہے اس کو بحیرہ اسود کہتے ہیں۔
3
اس جگہ جو قومیں آباد تھیں۔ انہوں نے مید اور فارس کی کامیابی کے بعد دوسری قوموں سے مل کر خورس یعنی ذوالقرنین پر حملہ کر دیا جس کے نتیجہ میں خورس نے بھی ان پر چڑھائی کی اور ان کو محکوم بنا لیا۔
2124
Important Words:
عین حمئة (pool of murky water) حمئة is derived from حما. They say حما البئر i.e. he cleansed the well of its black, fetid mud. حمئت البئر means, the well had in it black mud in abundance. حمئی العین means, a man of evil eye who injures with his eye him whom he sees and admires. The words عین حمئة mean, a well or a spring or pool foul with black, fetid mud (Lane). See also 15:29.
Commentary:
The words مغرب الشمس i.e. the place where the sun set; signify the westernmost parts of Cyrus’ Empire or the north-western boundary of Asia Minor and refer to the Black Sea because it formed the north-western boundary of the Empire of Cyrus. The verse refers to the expedition which Cyrus undertook against his enemies in the west. "Soon after the conquest of the Median empire Cyrus was attacked by a coalition of the other powers of the East-Babylon, Egypt and Lydia, joined by Sparta, the greatest military power of Greece. In the spring of 546 Croesus of Lydia began the attack and advanced into Cappadocia, while the other powers were still gathering their troops. But Cyrus anticipated them; he defeated Croesus and followed him to his capital. In the autumn of 546 Sardis was taken and the Lydian kingdom became a province of the Persians… During the next few years the Persian army suppressed a rebellion of the Lydian. The King of Cilicia voluntarily acknowledged the Persian supremacy "(Enc. Brit., & Historians’ History of the World, under Cyrus).
The words, "he found it (the sun) setting in a spring of murky water," signify that it is not a small pool to which they refer. The waters referred to are so extensive that if one were to take his stand on the shore at the time of sunset, the sun would appear to be setting in the sea.
1721
The words, the setting-place of the sun, signify the westernmost parts of Cyrus’s Empire or the north-western boundary of Asia Minor and refer to the Black Sea, because it formed the north-western boundary of his Empire. The verse refers to the expedition which Cyrus undertook against his enemies in the West (Enc. Brit. & Historians’ History of the World, under "Cyrus").
قَالُوا۟ يَٰذَا ٱلْقَرْنَيْنِ إِنَّ يَأْجُوجَ وَمَأْجُوجَ مُفْسِدُونَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَهَلْ نَجْعَلُ لَكَ خَرْجًا عَلَىٰٓ أَن تَجْعَلَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ سَدًّا
يَاجُوْج (Ya’juj, 雅朱者) 和 مَاجُوْج (马朱者, Ma’juj) 这两个单词都源出字根 اَجَّ (Ajja), 意思是:他走得很快;他或它变成火焰 (Lane), 以及指最远的东方的塞西亚人。或者, 像有些人说的那样, 住在亚洲和欧洲北部的所有民族 (《大英百科全書》和《犹太百科全書》“Gog” “Magog” 项下, 以及 «历史学家的世界历史» 卷2, 582页, 《以西结书》38:2-6和39:6)。
这些词也可用于西方的基督教国家因为他们一直利用燃烧着的火和沸腾着的水, 而且因为他们的物质进步和许多伟大的发现和发明都是由于正确并非常广泛地使用这些东西的结果。或者, 这些单词可以意示这些民族好动的性格, 因为他们总是不停地注意并且急不待缓地作出新的征服。
圣经中对雅朱者和马朱者的描写, 毫无疑问指的是西方的某些基督教强国:第一, 因为说他们是非常多的、强有力的以及强大的:—‘你必将升起, 像暴风雨般地到来, 你必将像一片遮蔽大地的云层, 你和你的所有伙伴以及和你在一起的许多人’ («以西结书» 38:9)。‘雅朱者和马朱者……他们的数目像大海的沙一样’ («启示录» 20:8)。‘对每一只长满羽毛的禽鸟, 对每一只田野中的走兽是这样说的, 你们可以吃那些强有力者的肉, 并且喝这个世界上的王子王孙的血’ («以西结书» 39:18, 19)。第三, 他们将遍布全世界:—‘他们走向世界各地’ («启示录» 20:9)。第四, 他们从北面的家里将移居到其他国家并定居世界各地, 而在战时将从他们遥远的殖民地聚集到一起:他要去迷惑地上四方的国家, 就是歌革和马各。撒旦要把他们集合起来, 出去打仗; («启示录» 20:8)。«以西结书» 提到马朱者时称他为 ‘Rosh, Meshech 和 Tubal 王子, 很明显, Rosh 代表俄罗斯, Meshech 代表莫斯科, 以及 Tubal 代表托波斯克。雅朱者 (Gog歌格) 也可指马朱者 (Magog玛各) 的国土而言(«以西结书» 38:2), 马朱者 (玛各Magog), 按照圣经注释者的看法, 代表古时称为塞西亚的地区 (包括俄罗斯和达靼地方), 那时过去出生许多野蛮人部落。由于俄罗斯包括在马朱者的土地以内; Rosh, Meshech 和 Tubal 就可以理解为代表俄罗斯、莫斯科和托波尔斯克。马朱者也可以说成是一个民族的名字, («以西结书» 39:6和 «启示录» 20:8)。在前者, 马朱者被说成和 ‘无忧无虑地居住在岛上的那些人一起’。按照这些节注释, 雅朱者和马朱者代表欧洲的一些强国, 包括俄罗斯在内。«古兰经» 中(18:95), 谈到他们袭击并侵入伊朗北部的边界领土, 这意指他们是一些通常叫做塞西亚人的部落。这是大家都知道的历史事实; 在古时候塞西亚人不断地从亚洲大批移入欧洲, 他们的道路是在高加索北面 (《大英百科全書》第14版，卷12，263页)。
当一个部落定居欧洲时, 新的部落又从东方前来, 把他们的前辈越推越向西前进。这样, 在 «圣经» 预言中这些欧洲民族就合理地叫做雅朱者和马朱者。奇怪的是, 今天在伦敦市政厅内还保存着名叫歌革和玛各两个英雄的纪念像。在 «以西结书» 和 «启示录» 中又可见到雅朱者和马朱者在后期还会出现, 即正好在迈喜合第二次来临以前的那一时间: ‘许多年以后, 在后世你一定会被惩罚, 你将来到那从刀剑下带回的国土’ («以西结书» 38:8也见启示录20:7-10)。这些经文表明, 这一预言指的是在遥远的将来会出现的一个民族。雅朱者和马朱者出现的时代特征是战争、地震、瘟疫和可怕的大灾难。也见 «大版本的注释本» 1718-1720页。
塞西亚 (Scythians) 人, 即雅朱者和马朱者, 占据着黑海北面和东北面的许多领土。他们从这些地区经过窦本要隘侵犯、征服和统治波斯人。塞鲁士打败了他们, 从他们的控制下解救了波斯人 («历史学家的世界历史»)。按照希罗多德 (Herodotus) 的说法, 就在塞西亚人通过那要隘来侵犯波斯的地方建筑着那著名的窦本城墙。
窦本 (دَرْبَند, Derbent) 即 Darband, 是高加索地区波斯的一个城镇, 在里海西海岸上的德格黑斯顿省境内……。在南方是朝海的那一端的高加索城墙, 有50英里长, 又名亚历山大城墙, 堵住了 “铁大门” 即 “里海大门” 的狭隘通道。这一城墙全高29英尺, 厚约十英尺, 门是铁做成的, 还有无数瞭望塔, 形成波斯边境一个可靠的屏障 (《大英百科全書》 “Derbent” 项下)。
与被证实了的历史资料相反, 很多人相信这一城墙是亚历山大大帝建造的。但是亚历山大的军事远征像旋风那样一卷而过, 其时他不可能注意到像建造这样一座巨大城墙的任何伟大工程; 他很年轻就死去, 也没有时间来完成这样雄伟的事业。这种普通的看法看来由以下情况产生: «古兰经» 的穆斯林注释者误将祖尔夸尔纳英作亚历山大。以下的情况证实城是塞鲁士建造的;
(a) 为了击夸塞西亚人的武力, 大流士 (Darius) 在塞鲁的儿子死后接王位, 他经由希腊横越欧洲攻击他们。他必须走如此遥远、艰难和迂迥的路程夸越欧洲东南部来攻击这些人, 而他们却生活在北方离开他很近的地方, 这是不可思议的事情。必然的结论是, 只有塞鲁士能够在他之前造的那座巨大的城墙的存在, 使他不可能带着庞大的军队夸越去另一侧; 而且如果没有城墙堵住塞西亚人, 他会把自己的国家暴露给他们从北面来的进攻。
(b) 在塞鲁士以前, 塞西亚人一直不断袭击波斯, 但在他征服了他们以后, 这些袭击就停止了, 这一情况引出一个非常可能的结论, 他一定已经筑起了一条屏障有效地阻止了这些攻击, 而这一屏障必然是那著名的窦本城墙, 即那一被错误地称为亚历山大的城墙。
The words, Ya’juj and Ma’juj (Gog and Magog), are both derived from the root-word Ajja which means, he was quick in his pace; he or it became the flaming fire (Lane), and refer to the Scythians of the farthest East. Or, as some say, all nations inhabiting the north of Asia and Europe (Enc. Brit. & Jewish Enc. under "Gog" and "Magog," and Historians’ History of the World, vol. 2, p. 582 & Ezekiel, 38: 2-6 & 39: 6). The words may also apply to Christian nations of the West as they have made much use of burning fire and boiling water and because all their material progress and great discoveries and inventions are due to the right and very extensive use of these things. Or, the words may imply the restless behaviour of these nations as they are always on the lookout restlessly and impatiently to make new conquests.
The description of Gog and Magog as given in the Bible leaves no doubt that it applies to some Christian Powers of the West: First, because they are repr
The Scythians or Gog and Magog occupied territories to the north and northeast of the Black Sea and they came from these regions through the pass of Darband and invaded and conquered and ruled over the Persians. Cyrus defeated them and delivered the Persians from their clutches (Historians’ History of the World). Exactly, at the place which, according to Herodotus, was the pass through which the Scythians made raids upon Persia stood a wall, the famous Wall of Derbent.
Derbent or Darband, a town of Persia, Caucasia, in the province of Daghestan, on the western shore of the Caspian... And to the south lies the seaward extremity of the Caucasian wall, 50 miles long otherwise known as Alexander’s Wall, blocking the narrow pass of the Iron Gate or the Caspian Gate. This, when entire, had a height of 29 feet and a thickness of about 10 feet, and with its iron gates and numerous watch- towers formed a veritable defence of the Persian Frontier (Enc. Brit. under "Derbent").
Against established hist
Commentary:
The people who lived on the route of the depredatory incursions of Gog and Magog into Persia asked Cyrus to build a wall across the pass through which they made their raids.
782
يَاجُوْج (Ya’juj, 雅朱者) 和 مَاجُوْج (马朱者, Ma’juj) 这两个单词都源出字根 اَجَّ (Ajja), 意思是:他走得很快;他或它变成火焰 (Lane), 以及指最远的东方的塞西亚人。或者, 像有些人说的那样, 住在亚洲和欧洲北部的所有民族 (《大英百科全書》和《犹太百科全書》“Gog” “Magog” 项下, 以及 «历史学家的世界历史» 卷2, 582页, 《以西结书》38:2-6和39:6)。
这些词也可用于西方的基督教国家因为他们一直利用燃烧着的火和沸腾着的水, 而且因为他们的物质进步和许多伟大的发现和发明都是由于正确并非常广泛地使用这些东西的结果。或者, 这些单词可以意示这些民族好动的性格, 因为他们总是不停地注意并且急不待缓地作出新的征服。
782A
圣经中对雅朱者和马朱者的描写, 毫无疑问指的是西方的某些基督教强国:第一, 因为说他们是非常多的、强有力的以及强大的:—‘你必将升起, 像暴风雨般地到来, 你必将像一片遮蔽大地的云层, 你和你的所有伙伴以及和你在一起的许多人’ («以西结书» 38:9)。‘雅朱者和马朱者……他们的数目像大海的沙一样’ («启示录» 20:8)。‘对每一只长满羽毛的禽鸟, 对每一只田野中的走兽是这样说的, 你们可以吃那些强有力者的肉, 并且喝这个世界上的王子王孙的血’ («以西结书» 39:18, 19)。第三, 他们将遍布全世界:—‘他们走向世界各地’ («启示录» 20:9)。第四, 他们从北面的家里将移居到其他国家并定居世界各地, 而在战时将从他们遥远的殖民地聚集到一起:他要去迷惑地上四方的国家, 就是歌革和马各。撒旦要把他们集合起来, 出去打仗; («启示录» 20:8)。«以西结书» 提到马朱者时称他为 ‘Rosh, Meshech 和 Tubal 王子, 很明显, Rosh 代表俄罗斯, Meshech 代表莫斯科, 以及 Tubal 代表托波斯克。雅朱者 (Gog歌格) 也可指马朱者 (Magog玛各) 的国土而言(«以西结书» 38:2), 马朱者 (玛各Magog), 按照圣经注释者的看法, 代表古时称为塞西亚的地区 (包括俄罗斯和达靼地方), 那时过去出生许多野蛮人部落。由于俄罗斯包括在马朱者的土地以内; Rosh, Meshech 和 Tubal 就可以理解为代表俄罗斯、莫斯科和托波尔斯克。马朱者也可以说成是一个民族的名字, («以西结书» 39:6和 «启示录» 20:8)。在前者, 马朱者被说成和 ‘无忧无虑地居住在岛上的那些人一起’。按照这些节注释, 雅朱者和马朱者代表欧洲的一些强国, 包括俄罗斯在内。«古兰经» 中(18:95), 谈到他们袭击并侵入伊朗北部的边界领土, 这意指他们是一些通常叫做塞西亚人的部落。这是大家都知道的历史事实; 在古时候塞西亚人不断地从亚洲大批移入欧洲, 他们的道路是在高加索北面 (《大英百科全書》第14版，卷12，263页)。
当一个部落定居欧洲时, 新的部落又从东方前来, 把他们的前辈越推越向西前进。这样, 在 «圣经» 预言中这些欧洲民族就合理地叫做雅朱者和马朱者。奇怪的是, 今天在伦敦市政厅内还保存着名叫歌革和玛各两个英雄的纪念像。在 «以西结书» 和 «启示录» 中又可见到雅朱者和马朱者在后期还会出现, 即正好在迈喜合第二次来临以前的那一时间: ‘许多年以后, 在后世你一定会被惩罚, 你将来到那从刀剑下带回的国土’ («以西结书» 38:8也见启示录20:7-10)。这些经文表明, 这一预言指的是在遥远的将来会出现的一个民族。雅朱者和马朱者出现的时代特征是战争、地震、瘟疫和可怕的大灾难。也见 «大版本的注释本» 1718-1720页。
783
塞西亚 (Scythians) 人, 即雅朱者和马朱者, 占据着黑海北面和东北面的许多领土。他们从这些地区经过窦本要隘侵犯、征服和统治波斯人。塞鲁士打败了他们, 从他们的控制下解救了波斯人 («历史学家的世界历史»)。按照希罗多德 (Herodotus) 的说法, 就在塞西亚人通过那要隘来侵犯波斯的地方建筑着那著名的窦本城墙。
窦本 (دَرْبَند, Derbent) 即 Darband, 是高加索地区波斯的一个城镇, 在里海西海岸上的德格黑斯顿省境内……。在南方是朝海的那一端的高加索城墙, 有50英里长, 又名亚历山大城墙, 堵住了 “铁大门” 即 “里海大门” 的狭隘通道。这一城墙全高29英尺, 厚约十英尺, 门是铁做成的, 还有无数瞭望塔, 形成波斯边境一个可靠的屏障 (《大英百科全書》 “Derbent” 项下)。
与被证实了的历史资料相反, 很多人相信这一城墙是亚历山大大帝建造的。但是亚历山大的军事远征像旋风那样一卷而过, 其时他不可能注意到像建造这样一座巨大城墙的任何伟大工程; 他很年轻就死去, 也没有时间来完成这样雄伟的事业。这种普通的看法看来由以下情况产生: «古兰经» 的穆斯林注释者误将祖尔夸尔纳英作亚历山大。以下的情况证实城是塞鲁士建造的;
(a) 为了击夸塞西亚人的武力, 大流士 (Darius) 在塞鲁的儿子死后接王位, 他经由希腊横越欧洲攻击他们。他必须走如此遥远、艰难和迂迥的路程夸越欧洲东南部来攻击这些人, 而他们却生活在北方离开他很近的地方, 这是不可思议的事情。必然的结论是, 只有塞鲁士能够在他之前造的那座巨大的城墙的存在, 使他不可能带着庞大的军队夸越去另一侧; 而且如果没有城墙堵住塞西亚人, 他会把自己的国家暴露给他们从北面来的进攻。
(b) 在塞鲁士以前, 塞西亚人一直不断袭击波斯, 但在他征服了他们以后, 这些袭击就停止了, 这一情况引出一个非常可能的结论, 他一定已经筑起了一条屏障有效地阻止了这些攻击, 而这一屏障必然是那著名的窦本城墙, 即那一被错误地称为亚历山大的城墙。
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Commentary:
The people who lived on the route of the depredatory incursions of Gog and Magog into Persia asked Cyrus to build a wall across the pass through which they made their raids.
1728
The words, Ya’juj and Ma’juj (Gog and Magog), are both derived from the root-word Ajja which means, he was quick in his pace; he or it became the flaming fire (Lane), and refer to the Scythians of the farthest East. Or, as some say, all nations inhabiting the north of Asia and Europe (Enc. Brit. & Jewish Enc. under "Gog" and "Magog," and Historians’ History of the World, vol. 2, p. 582 & Ezekiel, 38: 2-6 & 39: 6). The words may also apply to Christian nations of the West as they have made much use of burning fire and boiling water and because all their material progress and great discoveries and inventions are due to the right and very extensive use of these things. Or, the words may imply the restless behaviour of these nations as they are always on the lookout restlessly and impatiently to make new conquests.
The description of Gog and Magog as given in the Bible leaves no doubt that it applies to some Christian Powers of the West: First, because they are repr
1729
The Scythians or Gog and Magog occupied territories to the north and northeast of the Black Sea and they came from these regions through the pass of Darband and invaded and conquered and ruled over the Persians. Cyrus defeated them and delivered the Persians from their clutches (Historians’ History of the World). Exactly, at the place which, according to Herodotus, was the pass through which the Scythians made raids upon Persia stood a wall, the famous Wall of Derbent.
Derbent or Darband, a town of Persia, Caucasia, in the province of Daghestan, on the western shore of the Caspian... And to the south lies the seaward extremity of the Caucasian wall, 50 miles long otherwise known as Alexander’s Wall, blocking the narrow pass of the Iron Gate or the Caspian Gate. This, when entire, had a height of 29 feet and a thickness of about 10 feet, and with its iron gates and numerous watch- towers formed a veritable defence of the Persian Frontier (Enc. Brit. under "Derbent").
Against established hist