Verse 16
The Combined Forces • madinah
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وَلَقَدْ كَانُوا۟ عَٰهَدُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ مِن قَبْلُ لَا يُوَلُّونَ ٱلْأَدْبَٰرَ ۚ وَكَانَ عَهْدُ ٱللَّهِ مَسْـُٔولًا
Commentary:
The words, "they had already covenanted with Allah," refer to the treaty that the Jews of Medina had made with the Holy Prophet that they would fight on his side against any enemy who invaded Medina. The verse holds out a solemn warning to these breakers of their plighted word that they will have to account for their treachery. The exact words of the above-mentioned treaty were:
و ان بینھم النصر علی من دھم یثرب
i.e. "and they take upon themselves to help the Holy Prophet against anyone who should attack Yathrib" (Khatamun-Nabiyyin, Part II, by Mirza Bashir Ahmad).
The words refer to the treaty which the Jews of Medina had made with the Holy Prophet that they would fight on his side against any enemy who invaded Medina.