Verse 2:192 | inQuran

English - Hazrat Molavi Sher Ali ^ra

And kill them wherever you meet them and drive them out from where they have driven you out; for persecution is worse than killing. And fight them not in, and near, the Sacred Mosque until they fight you therein. But if they fight you, then fight them: such is the requital for the disbelievers.

English - Five Volume Translation

And kill them wherever you meet them and drive them out from where they have driven you out; for [a]persecution is worse than killing. And fight them not in, and near, the Sacred Mosque until they fight you therein. But if they fight you, then fight them: such is the requital for the disbelievers.[198]

2:218.

Important Words:

ثقفتموھم (you met them) is derived from ثقف. They say ثقفه i.e. (1) he faced him or he met him; (2) he caught hold of him; (3) he got the better of him (Aqrab).

فتنة (persecution) is derived from فتن. They say فتن فلانا i.e. he led him astray; he tried or tested him. The expression فتن فلاناعن رأیه means, he prevented him from holding his views. The words فتن الصائغ الذھب mean, the goldsmith melted the gold in the crucible to ascertain its genuineness. فتنه means, he put him in a state of trial or persecution. Thus فتنة means: (1) trial; (2) torture and persecution; (3) divergence of views among men and the disputes and fighting that take place as a result thereof (Aqrab). See also 2:103.

Commentary:

The verse relates to conditions when a war has actually broken out. Obviously it does not apply to all disbelievers, for it only says, "kill them" and not "kill the disbelievers". The pronoun "them" clearly refers to, those who fight against you, as mentioned in the previous verse. The verse calls upon Muslims to fight against only such disbelievers as take up arms against them. It does not call upon them to slay each and every disbeliever that may happen to come in their way. Indeed this verse affords a remarkable instance of the way in which the plain words of the Quran are generally distorted by the opponents of Islam.

The clause, and drive them out from where they have driven you out, refers to the time when the enemies of Islam compelled the Holy Prophet and his Companions to flee from Mecca. It enjoins Muslims to bear in mind that they have eventually to conquer Mecca which being the centre and the most sacred place of Islam, no non-Muslim would be allowed to remain in it.

The clause, persecution is worse than killing, provides an argument in support of defensive war. The disbelievers were persecuting Muslims in diverse ways with a view to turning them away from their faith and they were also creating disorder in the land. It was certainly better to put a stop to this state of affairs by fighting against the aggressors than to allow it to continue. There are circumstances when, to every right-thinking man, war becomes necessary.

The words فتنة (persecution) and قتل (killing) may be interpreted in another way also. فتنة means, "persecution or war waged against a people with a view to turning them from their faith", and قتل means, "an ordinary secular war". Now the verse points out that a war of religious persecution is worse than an ordinary war; for, firstly, worldly interests are nothing as compared with matters of faith; and secondly, wars caused by religious differences are more bitter and cruel, and seldom come to an end.

The clause, and fight them not in and near the Sacred Mosque until they fight you therein, contains a very important principle. Even after the declaration of war, there are restrictions to be observed, and Muslims should never be the first to break them. The sanctity of the holy precincts of the Ka‘bah must be safeguarded even in time of war. If, however, the other party violates its sanctity, Muslims may retaliate so that the attacking party may thereby be brought to its senses.

English - Short Commentary Translation

And slay these transgressors[220] wherever you meet them and drive them out from where they have driven[221] you out; for [b]persecution is worse than slaying. And fight them not in and near the Sacred Mosque until they fight you therein. But if they fight you, then fight them. Such is the requital for the disbelievers.

اردو ترجمہ مرزا طاہر احمد خلیفة المسیح الرابعؒ

اور (دورانِ قتال) انہیں قتل کرو جہاں کہیں بھی تم انہیں پاؤ اور انہیں وہاں سے نکال دو جہاں سے تمہیں انہوں نے نکالا تھا۔ اور فتنہ قتل سے زیادہ سنگین ہوتا ہے۔ اور ان سے مسجد حرام کے پاس قتال نہ کرو یہاں تک کہ وہ تم سے وہاں قتال کریں۔ پس اگر وہ تم سے قتال کریں تو پھر تم اُن کو قتل کرو۔ کافروں کی ایسی ہی جزا ہوتی ہے۔

French

Et tuez-les partout où vous les trouverez et chassez-les d’où ils vous ont chassés, car la persécution est pire que le fait de tuer. Ne les combattez pas auprès de la Sainte Mosquée, à moins qu’ils ne vous y attaquent. Mais s’ils vous attaquent, alors combattez-les ; car telle est la rétribution pour les mécréants.

German

Und tötet sie, wo immer ihr auf sie stoßt, und vertreibt sie von dort, von wo sie euch vertrieben; denn Verfolgung ist ärger als Totschlag. Bekämpft sie aber nicht bei der Heiligen Moschee, solange sie euch dort nicht angreifen. Doch wenn sie euch angreifen, dann kämpft wider sie; das ist die Vergeltung für die Ungläubigen.

Chinese

不论你们在什么地方发现那些 (无理作战的) 人, 你们都要消灭他们[128]。他们从哪里把你们驱逐出去, 你们也从哪里把他们驱逐出去; 因为[b]迫害比杀戮更坏。不要在禁寺附近与他们作战, 除非他们在那里与你们作战。但如果他们 (在那里) 与你们作战, 那么, 你们也就在那里与他们作战。这样做是对不信奉者的惩罚。

Italian

E uccideteli ovunque li incontriate; e cacciateli da ogni luogo onde vi abbiano cacciati; poiché la persecuzione è peggiore dell'assassinio. Ma non lottate contro di loro dentro o vicino alla Sacra Moschea, a meno che non ci lottino loro. Ma se essi vi aggrediscono, allora combatteteli: questa è la ricompensa per gli infedeli.

Spanish

Y matadlos en donde los encontréis y expulsadlos de donde os hayan expulsado; ya que la persecución es peor que el homicidio. Y no luchéis contra ellos ni dentro ni cerca de la Mezquita Sagrada mientras no os ataquen allí. Pero si os atacan, combatidles: ésa es la retribución para los incrédulos.

اردو تفسیرِ صغیر

اور جہاں بھی ان (ناحق لڑنے والوں) کو پاؤ انہیں قتل کرو اور تم (بھی) انہیں اس جگہ سے نکال دو جہاں سے انہوں نے تمہیں نکالا تھا اور (یہ) فتنہ قتل سے (بھی) زیادہ سخت (نقصان دہ) ہے اور تم ان سے مسجد حرام کے قرب (وجوار) میں (اس وقت تک) جنگ نہ کرو جب تک وہ (خود) تم سے اس میں جنگ کی (ابتدا) [2]نہ کریں اور اگر وہ تم سے (وہاں بھی) جنگ کریں تو تم بھی انہیں قتل کرو‘ ان کافروں کی یہی سزا [3]ہے۔

اردو ترجمہ مودودی

ان سے لڑو جہاں بھی تمہارا اُن سے مقابلہ پیش آئے اور انہیں نکالو جہاں سے انہوں نے تم کو نکالا ہے، اس لیے کہ قتل اگرچہ برا ہے، مگر فتنہ اس سے بھی زیادہ برا ہے اور مسجد حرام کے قریب جب تک وہ تم سے نہ لڑیں، تم بھی نہ لڑو، مگر جب وہ وہاں لڑنے سے نہ چُوکیں، تو تم بھی بے تکلف انہیں مارو کہ ایسے کافروں کی یہی سزا ہے

English - Sahih

And kill them wherever you overtake them and expel them from wherever they have expelled you, and fitnah is worse than killing. And do not fight them at al-Masjid al- Haram until they fight you there. But if they fight you, then kill them. Such is the recompense of the disbelievers.

اردو ترجمہ احمد علی

اور انہیں قتل کرو جہاں پاؤ اور انہیں نکال دو جہاں سے انہوں نےتمہیں نکالا ہے اور غلبہ شرک قتل سے زیادہ سخت ہے اور مسجد حرام کے پاس ان سے نہ لڑو جب تک کہ وہ تم سے یہاں نہ لڑیں پھراگروہ تم سےلڑیں تم بھی انہیں قتل کرو کافروں کی یہی سزا ہے

English - Talal Itani

And kill them wherever you find them, and drive them out from wherever they drove you out, and [the] oppression (is) worse than [the] killing. And (do) not fight them near Al-Masjid Al-Haraam until they fight you in it. Then if they fight you, then kill them. Such (is the) reward (of) the disbelievers.

Chinese Commentary ^*

Cross Refs:

b

2:218.

128

128本节经文讲的是战争已经实际爆发时的一些情况。很明显, 穆斯林奉命只同首先动武反对他们的不信教的人进行战斗。

اردہ تفصیرِ صغیر نوٹس ^*

2

عربی میں ’’نہ‘‘ کا لفظ نہیں لیکن یہ لفظ حتّٰی کے اندر مخفی ہے۔ اگر اسے خطوط میں رکھا جائے تو معنے بالکل الٹ بن جاتے ہیں اس وجہ سے خطوط میں ’’نہ‘‘ کا لفظ نہیں رکھا گیا‘ بلکہ ظاہر کیا گیا ہے۔

3

کَذٰلِکَ کا لفظی ترجمہ ’’اسی طرح‘‘ ہے لیکن اردو میں ’’یہی‘‘ کے لفظ سے ہی مضمون ٹھیک ادا ہوتا ہے۔

English - Arberry

And slay them wherever you come upon them, and expel them from where they expelled you; persecution is more grievous than slaying. But fight them not by the Holy Mosque until they should fight you there; then, if they fight you, slay them -- such is the recompense of unbelievers --

English - Maududi

Fight against them wherever they confront you in combat and drive them out from where they drove you out. Though killing is bad. persecution is worse than killing Do not fight against them near the Masjid Haram unless they attack you there.

English - Ahmed Ali

And fight those (who fight you) wheresoever you find them, and expel them from the place they had turned you out from. Oppression is worse than killing. Do not fight them by the Holy Mosque unless they fight you there. If they do, then slay them: Such is the requital for unbelievers.

English - Yusuf Ali

And slay them wherever ye catch them, and turn them out from where they have Turned you out; for tumult and oppression are worse than slaughter; but fight them not at the Sacred Mosque, unless they (first) fight you there; but if they fight you, slay them. Such is the reward of those who suppress faith.

English - Five Volume Commentary ^*

Cross Refs:

a

2:218.

198

Important Words:

ثقفتموھم (you met them) is derived from ثقف. They say ثقفه i.e. (1) he faced him or he met him; (2) he caught hold of him; (3) he got the better of him (Aqrab).

فتنة (persecution) is derived from فتن. They say فتن فلانا i.e. he led him astray; he tried or tested him. The expression فتن فلاناعن رأیه means, he prevented him from holding his views. The words فتن الصائغ الذھب mean, the goldsmith melted the gold in the crucible to ascertain its genuineness. فتنه means, he put him in a state of trial or persecution. Thus فتنة means: (1) trial; (2) torture and persecution; (3) divergence of views among men and the disputes and fighting that take place as a result thereof (Aqrab). See also 2:103.

Commentary:

The verse relates to conditions when a war has actually broken out. Obviously it does not apply to all disbelievers, for it only says, "kill them" and not "kill the disbelievers". The pronoun "them" clearly refers to, those who fight against you, as mentioned in the previous verse. The verse calls upon Muslims to fight against only such disbelievers as take up arms against them. It does not call upon them to slay each and every disbeliever that may happen to come in their way. Indeed this verse affords a remarkable instance of the way in which the plain words of the Quran are generally distorted by the opponents of Islam.

The clause, and drive them out from where they have driven you out, refers to the time when the enemies of Islam compelled the Holy Prophet and his Companions to flee from Mecca. It enjoins Muslims to bear in mind that they have eventually to conquer Mecca which being the centre and the most sacred place of Islam, no non-Muslim would be allowed to remain in it.

The clause, persecution is worse than killing, provides an argument in support of defensive war. The disbelievers were persecuting Muslims in diverse ways with a view to turning them away from their faith and they were also creating disorder in the land. It was certainly better to put a stop to this state of affairs by fighting against the aggressors than to allow it to continue. There are circumstances when, to every right-thinking man, war becomes necessary.

The words فتنة (persecution) and قتل (killing) may be interpreted in another way also. فتنة means, "persecution or war waged against a people with a view to turning them from their faith", and قتل means, "an ordinary secular war". Now the verse points out that a war of religious persecution is worse than an ordinary war; for, firstly, worldly interests are nothing as compared with matters of faith; and secondly, wars caused by religious differences are more bitter and cruel, and seldom come to an end.

The clause, and fight them not in and near the Sacred Mosque until they fight you therein, contains a very important principle. Even after the declaration of war, there are restrictions to be observed, and Muslims should never be the first to break them. The sanctity of the holy precincts of the Ka‘bah must be safeguarded even in time of war. If, however, the other party violates its sanctity, Muslims may retaliate so that the attacking party may thereby be brought to its senses.

English - Short Commentary Notes ^*

Cross Refs:

b

2:218.

220

This verse relates to conditions when war has actually broken out. Obviously, it enjoins Muslims to fight against only such disbelievers as are the first to take up arms against them.

221

The words signify that Mecca being the centre and the most sacred place of Islam, no non-Muslim should be allowed to remain in it.

English - Pickthall

And slay them wherever ye find them, and drive them out of the places whence they drove you out, for persecution is worse than slaughter. And fight not with them at the Inviolable Place of Worship until they first attack you there, but if they attack you (there) then slay them. Such is the reward of disbelievers.

English - Muhammad Ali ^ra

And kill them wherever you find them, and drive them out of where they drove you out, and persecution is worse than slaughter. And fight not with them at the Sacred Mosque until they fight with you in it; so if they fight you (in it), slay them. Such is the recompense of the disbelievers.

English - Sir Muhammad Zafrullah Khan ^ra

Once they start the fighting, kill them wherever you meet them, and drive them out from where they have driven you out; for aggression is more heinous than killing. But fight them not in the proximity of the Sacred Mosque unless they fight you therein; should they fight you even there, then fight them: such is the requital of these disbelievers.

Verse 192

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